
True Version of the Philippine Revolution - By Don Emilio Aguinaldo y Famy President of the Philippine Republic. - Tarlak (Philippine Islands), 23rd September, 1899
To All Civilized Nations and Especially to the Great North American Republic
The Revolution of 1896
The Treaty of Biak-na-bató
Negotiations
The Revolution of 1898
The Dictatorial Government
The First Triumphs
The Philippine Flag
Expedition to Bisayas
In this firsthand account, a Filipino leader chronicles the final years of Spanish domination and the spark that ignited the 1896 uprising. He describes how towns from Manila to Cavite rose together, how ordinary citizens armed only with sticks and makeshift weapons managed to defeat regular Spanish troops in battles such as Bakoor, Imus, and Noveleta, and the subsequent harsh response of Spain’s military governors. The narrative captures the tension between conciliatory gestures from some officials and the relentless reinforcement of forces that sought to crush the rebellion.
The author then details the formation of a provisional government in the remote stronghold of Biak‑na‑Bátó, where he and fellow revolutionaries attempted to negotiate a peace treaty with Spanish representatives. The text offers vivid observations of the strategies, betrayals, and shifting allegiances that defined this turbulent period, while also appealing to foreign nations for understanding and support. Listeners will gain a clear window into the early struggle for Philippine independence, told directly by one of its principal architects.
Language
en
Duration
~1 hours (85K characters)
Publisher of text edition
Project Gutenberg
Credits
Produced by Jeroen Hellingman, Tamiko I. Camacho and PG Distributed Proofreaders. Produced from page scans provided by University of Michigan.
Release date
Jul 22, 2004
Rights
Public domain in the USA.

1869–1964
A central figure in the fight for Philippine independence, he led revolutionary forces against Spain and later against the United States. He is widely recognized as the Philippines’ first president, a role that keeps him at the heart of the country’s modern history.
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