What Social Classes Owe to Each Other

audiobook

What Social Classes Owe to Each Other

by William Graham Sumner

EN·~3 hours·13 chapters

Chapters

13 total
1

FOREWORD

2:09
2

WHAT SOCIAL CLASSES OWE TO EACH OTHER - INTRODUCTIONToC

6:52
3

I.ToC - ON A NEW PHILOSOPHY: THAT POVERTY IS THE BEST POLICY.

17:13
4

II.ToC - THAT A FREE MAN IS A SOVEREIGN, BUT THAT A SOVEREIGN CANNOT TAKE "TIPS."

17:22
5

III.ToC - THAT IT IS NOT WICKED TO BE RICH; NAY, EVEN, THAT IT IS NOT WICKED TO BE RICHER THAN ONE'S NEIGHBOR

17:31
6

IV.ToC - ON THE REASONS WHY MAN IS NOT ALTOGETHER A BRUTE.

16:40
7

V.ToC - THAT WE MUST HAVE FEW MEN, IF WE WANT STRONG MEN.

10:34
8

VI.ToC - THAT HE WHO WOULD BE WELL TAKEN CARE OF MUST TAKE CARE OF HIMSELF.

23:35
9

VII.ToC - CONCERNING SOME OLD FOES UNDER NEW FACES.

12:09
10

VIII.ToC - ON THE VALUE, AS A SOCIOLOGICAL PRINCIPLE, OF THE RULE TO MIND ONE'S OWN BUSINESS.

12:35

Description

In this thought‑provoking essay the author turns a critical eye on the way modern societies assign responsibility for social problems. He argues that the burden of “solving” inequality is quietly shifted onto the prosperous—those who are rich, educated, and healthy—while the less fortunate are expected merely to raise demands. By revisiting William Graham Sumner’s notion of the “Forgotten Man,” the work exposes how contemporary reform movements often invert the original meaning, turning the phrase into a rallying cry for collective, state‑driven solutions.

The introduction lays out a stark question: who truly has the right to define society’s duties, and why are they compelled to meet them? Through clear, incisive prose, the author challenges the myth of a benevolent state acting as a moral guardian, urging listeners to reconsider the balance between individual liberty and imposed social obligations. This early‑stage exploration sets the stage for a deeper debate on the role of class, responsibility, and the limits of governmental power.

Details

Language

en

Duration

~3 hours (183K characters)

Publisher of text edition

Project Gutenberg

Credits

Produced by Jeff G., Jeannie Howse and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net

Release date

2006-06-16

Rights

Public domain in the USA.

About the author

William Graham Sumner

William Graham Sumner

1840–1910

A sharp, influential voice in American social thought, he brought economics, politics, and sociology into the classroom at Yale and helped shape early debates about individualism, society, and reform. His writing is still remembered for its clear arguments and willingness to challenge popular assumptions.

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