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A leading scholar-official of the Ming dynasty, he rose through China’s demanding civil service examinations and became a grand secretary at a turbulent moment in imperial politics. His career is remembered for both remarkable academic success and the sudden reversals that often shaped life at court.

by Shang Lü
Born on March 16, 1414, Shang Lü was a Chinese scholar-official of the Ming dynasty. He is especially known for his success in the imperial examination system, a path that could lift talented scholars into the highest levels of government.
In 1449, during a period of political strain for the Ming court, he was appointed grand secretary under the Jingtai Emperor. That role placed him close to the center of imperial decision-making, but his time in office did not last: after Emperor Yingzong returned to power in 1457, Shang Lü was retired from government service.
He died on August 17, 1486. Although he is not known primarily as a literary author in the modern sense, his life offers a vivid glimpse into the world of learned officials whose writing, scholarship, and state service were deeply connected in imperial China.