
author
1823–1882
A German historian with a deep interest in England’s past, he wrote lively, accessible works on figures like King Alfred, Simon de Montfort, and Oliver Cromwell. His career moved between Germany and Britain, giving his historical writing a broad, cross-channel perspective.
Born in Berlin in 1823, he studied at the universities of Bonn and Berlin and earned his doctorate in 1846. The next year he moved to England, where he worked as private secretary to Baron von Bunsen, the Prussian ambassador in London, and continued his historical research in Edinburgh, Oxford, Cambridge, and London.
He became known as a German historian especially devoted to English history. After returning to Germany, he held professorships at Rostock, Tübingen, Marburg, and Göttingen. His books include studies of King Alfred, Simon de Montfort, and Oliver Cromwell, along with other writing on English history and culture.
He died in Bremen in 1882. His work stands out for bringing English medieval and early modern history to a German-speaking readership in a clear, engaged way.