
author
1834–1885
A military surgeon turned pioneering explorer, Gustav Nachtigal traveled across some of the least-known regions of Central Africa and documented his journeys in detail. His work later brought him into the diplomatic and colonial affairs of the German Empire.

by Gustav Nachtigal

by Gustav Nachtigal

by Gustav Nachtigal
Gustav Nachtigal (1834–1885) was a German military surgeon, explorer, and diplomat. Born on February 23, 1834, in Eichstedt in the Prussian province of Saxony-Anhalt, he first trained in medicine before turning his attention to Africa.
From 1869 to 1875, Nachtigal traveled through the central Sahara and regions that are now part of Chad and Sudan, including Tibesti, Borkou, Baguirmi, and Kordofan. His observations were published in Sahara und Sudan, a major multi-volume account of his travels.
Nachtigal later served as German consul in Tunis and was appointed commissioner for West Africa. In 1884, he helped establish German protectorates in parts of Togo and Cameroon. He died at sea off the West African coast on April 20, 1885, while returning to Germany.