author
b. 1869
A Baltic Swedish historian and writer who spent much of his life studying the Russian Empire and the Baltic region. Best known for a major history of Russia from 1878 to 1918, he brought politics, economics, and social change together in a clear historical narrative.

by Alfred von Hedenström
Born in Riga on August 21, 1869, Robert Matthias Alfred von Hedenström was a Baltic Swedish political historian. Sources describe him as a scholar who lived mainly in the Russian Empire and the Baltic countries, writing in German about political and economic conditions.
He studied at the Imperial University of Dorpat, and by 1900 he was a docent at Riga Polytechnical Institute. After Latvian independence, he continued his academic work as a docent at the University of Riga from 1919.
His best-known work is Geschichte Russlands von 1878 bis 1918, published in 1922 and later translated into Finnish as Venäjän historia 1878-1918. He died in Riga on April 13, 1927.