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1852–1922
One of 19th-century baseball’s first great stars, this powerhouse hitter spent most of his long career leading Chicago on the field and from the dugout. His fame was enormous in his own time, and his legacy remains important and complicated.

by Adrian C. (Adrian Constantine) Anson
Born in Marshalltown, Iowa, Adrian Constantine Anson became one of the biggest names in early professional baseball. Better known as Cap Anson, he played an exceptionally long career in the sport’s formative years and was closely identified with Chicago’s National League club, where he starred as a first baseman, manager, and later part owner.
Contemporary and historical accounts describe him as one of the dominant players of the 19th century. He was known for consistent hitting, leadership, and durability, and he helped shape how the game was played and organized in baseball’s early major-league era. He was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1939.
His story also has a darker side. Modern biographies and baseball histories note that Anson was associated with efforts to keep Black players out of top-level professional baseball, which makes him a significant but deeply controversial figure in the history of the game.