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A bold English thinker of the early Enlightenment, he became known for challenging religious orthodoxy and arguing that reason should guide belief. His books stirred fierce debate in Britain and made him one of the best-known freethinkers of his day.

by Charles Bradlaugh, active 19th century Anthony Collins, John Watts
Born in 1676, Anthony Collins was an English philosopher, essayist, and one of the early public defenders of deism in Britain. He was educated at Eton and King’s College, Cambridge, and is often remembered for his friendship with John Locke, whose ideas helped shape his thinking.
Collins wrote on free inquiry, religion, and human freedom. His best-known works questioned prophecy, revelation, and traditional religious authority, and his arguments made him a controversial figure in early eighteenth-century intellectual life. He was admired by some for his sharp reasoning and independence, and attacked by others for the same qualities.
Beyond writing, he was also a gentleman of means and took part in local public life in Essex. Today he is remembered as an important voice in the history of freethought and the Enlightenment, especially for insisting that beliefs should be examined openly rather than accepted on authority alone.