History of the missions of the American board of commissioners for foreign missions to the oriental churches, Volume II.

This volume paints a vivid picture of mid‑nineteenth‑century missionary activity among the Armenian, Assyrian and Nestorian communities of the Ottoman realm. Drawing on diplomatic correspondence, personal letters and on‑the‑ground reports, it follows the early establishment of schools, churches and printing presses, while tracing the tumultuous backdrop of wars, fires and shifting imperial policies. The narrative highlights both the determination of American volunteers and the growing role of native pastors who began to lead congregations and spread the gospel in their own languages.

Readers are offered a detailed look at how events such as the Crimean War, diplomatic petitions and local persecutions shaped the mission’s strategies and daily life. The account weaves together stories of individual sacrifice, cultural exchange, and the practical challenges of translation, travel and medical work in rugged mountain regions. By the close of the period covered, the foundations laid by these early pioneers set the stage for a more organized and locally empowered Christian presence in the eastern provinces.