United States. Work Projects Administration

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United States. Work Projects Administration

Created during the Great Depression, this New Deal agency put millions of Americans to work on roads, schools, parks, airports, and other public projects. Its reach also extended into the arts, supporting writers, artists, musicians, and actors through landmark cultural programs.

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The Work Projects Administration—better known earlier as the Works Progress Administration—was a major U.S. New Deal agency created in 1935 under President Franklin D. Roosevelt. In 1939, its name was changed from Works Progress Administration to Work Projects Administration, though the familiar WPA initials stayed the same.

The agency’s main purpose was to provide paid work for people struggling through the Great Depression. WPA workers helped build and improve public infrastructure across the United States, including roads, public buildings, schools, bridges, airports, and other community facilities. The program became one of the largest and most visible relief efforts of the era.

The WPA is also remembered for its cultural and research projects. Through programs often grouped under Federal Project No. 1, it employed artists, writers, musicians, and theater workers, leaving behind murals, guidebooks, performances, oral histories, and archival surveys that still shape how Americans understand the 1930s and 1940s.