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United States. Government Printing Office

A cornerstone of public information since the Civil War era, this congressional agency has helped produce and distribute the official documents that keep the United States informed. Known for most of its history as the Government Printing Office, it evolved into today’s Government Publishing Office as federal publishing moved from print to digital.

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Created by Congress in June 1860 and beginning operations on March 4, 1861, the United States Government Printing Office was established to handle the printing needs of the federal government. It has long served Congress and, over time, became a central source for producing, authenticating, and distributing official publications for all three branches.

In December 2014, Congress redesignated the agency as the United States Government Publishing Office, a change that reflected a broader shift from print-only work to digital publishing and information services. Its work has included everything from official government documents to secure credentials such as U.S. passports.

For readers, the old name still carries a strong historical identity: it appears on countless classic federal reports, hearings, manuals, and public documents. That legacy of preserving and sharing government information is the thread connecting the older Government Printing Office to the modern GPO.