
author
1766–1834
Best known for arguing that population growth can outpace the food supply, this English economist and cleric became one of the most debated thinkers in political economy. His ideas on population, scarcity, and social limits shaped discussions far beyond his own time.

by T. R. (Thomas Robert) Malthus

by T. R. (Thomas Robert) Malthus

by T. R. (Thomas Robert) Malthus

by T. R. (Thomas Robert) Malthus

by T. R. (Thomas Robert) Malthus

by T. R. (Thomas Robert) Malthus
Born in Surrey in February 1766, Thomas Robert Malthus was an English economist, demographer, and Anglican cleric. He studied at Jesus College, Cambridge, later became a fellow there, and went on to build a reputation as a serious thinker about society, economics, and population.
He is most famous for An Essay on the Principle of Population, first published in 1798. In that work, he argued that population tends to grow faster than the food supply, a claim that made his name and sparked lasting debate. His writing had a major influence on political economy and demography, and later thinkers continued to argue with, adapt, or push back against his ideas.
Malthus died near Bath in December 1834, but the term "Malthusian" shows how strongly his work endured. Whether readers see him as a clear-eyed analyst of limits or an overly pessimistic voice, he remains one of the key figures in the history of economic and social thought.