Richard M. (Richard Milhous) Nixon

Born in Yorba Linda, California, in 1913, Richard M. Nixon built his career through persistence, sharp political instincts, and a reputation for relentless hard work. He served in the U.S. Navy during World War II, then won election to Congress and soon became a national figure, eventually serving as Dwight D. Eisenhower’s vice president.

Nixon became the 37th president of the United States in 1969. His presidency is remembered for major foreign-policy moves, especially his opening to China and efforts to ease tensions with the Soviet Union, as well as for the winding down of direct U.S. involvement in the Vietnam War. At home, his years in office were marked by intense division, but also by a lasting impact on American politics and the power of the presidency.

His career ended dramatically with the Watergate scandal, which led to his resignation in 1974—the first by a U.S. president. Even so, Nixon remained a striking and influential public figure for the rest of his life, writing books on politics and foreign affairs until his death in 1994.