
author
1596–1650
Best known for the line "I think, therefore I am," this French philosopher and mathematician helped reshape how people think about knowledge, doubt, and the natural world. His work linked philosophy with science in a way that still feels strikingly modern.

by René Descartes

by René Descartes

by René Descartes

by René Descartes

by René Descartes

by René Descartes

by René Descartes

by René Descartes
Born in France in 1596, René Descartes became one of the most influential thinkers of the early modern period. He is widely remembered as a philosopher, mathematician, and scientist, and is often described as a founding figure in modern Western philosophy.
Descartes is especially famous for his method of radical doubt and for the statement usually rendered in English as "I think, therefore I am." In works such as Discourse on the Method, Meditations on First Philosophy, and Principles of Philosophy, he tried to build knowledge on clear and certain foundations. His ideas about mind and body, reason, and the search for certainty shaped centuries of debate.
He also made lasting contributions to mathematics, especially through the development of analytic geometry, which helped connect algebra and geometry. After spending many productive years in the Dutch Republic, he died in Stockholm in 1650, but his writing continued to influence philosophy, science, and mathematics long after his lifetime.