
author
1483–1546
A monk, teacher, and fierce debater, this central figure of the Protestant Reformation challenged the medieval church and changed the course of European religious life. His sermons, hymns, and German Bible translation helped bring Christian teaching to a much wider public.

by Martin Luther

by Martin Luther

by Martin Luther

by Martin Luther

by Jules Michelet, Martin Luther

by Martin Luther

by Jules Michelet, Martin Luther

by Martin Luther

by Martin Luther

by Martin Luther

by Martin Luther

by Martin Luther

by George Mezger, Martin Luther

by Martin Luther

by Martin Luther, Joseph Stump

by Martin Luther

by Martin Luther

by Martin Luther

by Martin Luther

by Martin Luther
Born in Eisleben in 1483, Martin Luther studied at the University of Erfurt and entered the Augustinian order after a vow made during a violent thunderstorm. He later became a professor of theology at Wittenberg, where his growing concern with sin, grace, and salvation shaped the ideas that would make him famous.
In 1517, he publicly challenged the sale of indulgences in the dispute remembered through the Ninety-Five Theses. What began as an academic protest grew into a break with the Roman Catholic Church and helped ignite the Protestant Reformation. Luther defended the authority of scripture and taught that salvation comes through faith in God's grace rather than through human effort.
He spent the rest of his life preaching, writing, translating the Bible into German, and helping organize new church life in the German lands. He also wrote influential hymns, including A Mighty Fortress Is Our God. His legacy is enormous, though readers should also know that some of his later writings, especially against Jews, were deeply hostile and remain one of the darkest parts of his record.