Margaret Sanger

author

Margaret Sanger

1879–1966

A fierce and controversial reformer, she helped bring birth control into public debate in the United States and pushed for women to have more control over their own lives. Her writing and activism changed laws, sparked lasting arguments, and left a complicated legacy.

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About the author

Born in Corning, New York, in 1879, Margaret Sanger trained as a nurse and became deeply affected by the poverty and repeated pregnancies she saw among working-class women. She went on to become one of the best-known advocates for birth control in the United States, writing and speaking openly at a time when sharing contraceptive information could lead to arrest.

Sanger opened the first birth control clinic in the United States in Brooklyn in 1916 and later founded the American Birth Control League, which became part of Planned Parenthood. She also supported research that contributed to the development of the first birth control pill, helping turn a once-taboo subject into a major public issue.

Her influence was enormous, but her legacy is also debated. Historians and major reference sources note both her central role in expanding access to contraception and the serious criticism of some of her views and associations, especially her ties to eugenic ideas that were common in parts of her era. She died in Tucson, Arizona, in 1966.