author
1852–1949
A Cambridge philosopher, economist, and longtime university administrator, he is remembered for bringing together rival approaches to economic method. He also helped shape academic life at Cambridge for decades and was the father of John Maynard Keynes.

by John Neville Keynes
Born in Salisbury in 1852, he studied at University College London and Pembroke College, Cambridge, where he later became a fellow. His career at Cambridge stretched across teaching, scholarship, and administration, including many years as a lecturer in Moral Sciences.
His best-known books include Studies and Exercises in Formal Logic and The Scope and Method of Political Economy. In economics, he is especially noted for arguing that both deductive and inductive reasoning have a place in the discipline, a view that helped bridge a major methodological divide of his time.
Alongside his writing, he served the University of Cambridge in important administrative roles, including as Registrary, and remained a respected academic figure well into old age. He died in Cambridge in 1949 at the age of 97.