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1745–1829
A key architect of the early United States, this founding-era statesman helped secure peace with Britain, co-wrote part of the Federalist Papers, and became the nation’s first chief justice. His long career stretched from the Revolution into the young republic’s first decades, linking diplomacy, law, and politics.

by Alexander Hamilton, John Jay, James Madison

by Alexander Hamilton, John Jay, James Madison
Born in New York City in 1745, John Jay grew up in a prominent merchant family and was educated at King’s College, later Columbia. He first tried to resist a complete break with Britain, but once independence became the goal, he became one of the new nation’s most important public servants.
Jay served in the Continental Congress, helped draft New York’s first state constitution, and later worked abroad during the Revolutionary era. He was one of the American negotiators of the Treaty of Paris that ended the war with Great Britain, then served under the Articles of Confederation as secretary for foreign affairs. He also wrote several of the Federalist Papers, arguing for the Constitution and a stronger national government.
In the new federal government, Jay became the first chief justice of the United States, helping shape the authority of the Supreme Court in its earliest years. He later served as governor of New York. Remembered for his calm, careful style and wide-ranging public service, he stands out as one of the founders whose influence reached across diplomacy, law, and government.