
author
1759–1838
A pioneering Scottish lexicographer and minister, he is best remembered for compiling the landmark Etymological Dictionary of the Scottish Language. His work helped bring serious scholarly attention to Scots at a time when it was often overlooked.
Born in Glasgow on 3 March 1759, he studied at the University of Glasgow and later continued classes in Edinburgh before entering the ministry. He served Secession congregations in Forfar and then Edinburgh, building a reputation not only as a preacher but also as a deeply curious scholar of language and history.
His lasting achievement was the Etymological Dictionary of the Scottish Language, first published in 1808. The dictionary gathered Scots words from a wide range of sources and treated them with unusual seriousness, making it an important early work in historical lexicography and a major contribution to the study of Scots.
He was also known as an antiquary and philologist, and his interests ranged beyond language into Scottish history and culture. He died in Edinburgh on 12 July 1838, but his dictionary remained influential long after his lifetime and is still associated with the preservation and study of the Scots tongue.