
author
Known for bringing literary criticism to a wide audience, this British scholar wrote with clarity, wit, and a strong dislike of cultural snobbery. His books range from studies of major English writers to lively arguments about why literature and the arts matter.
Born in London in 1934, he became one of Britain’s best-known literary critics and spent much of his academic career at Merton College, Oxford, where he served as Merton Professor of English Literature before becoming emeritus on retirement.
He wrote on writers including John Donne, Milton, Dickens, Thackeray, and William Golding, and he was especially admired for making serious literary debate feel readable and direct. Alongside his scholarship, he reviewed books for a broad public audience and became well known for his attacks on elitist ideas about culture.
He also played an important role in British literary life as a judge and chair for major prizes, including the Booker Prize. Across his work, he built a reputation for combining deep learning with a plainspoken, independent voice.