
author
1852–1906
A pioneering American geologist and explorer, he helped readers imagine ancient lakes, glaciers, and volcanic landscapes across the American West and Alaska. His work combined field adventure with a gift for making big geological stories clear and exciting.

by Israel C. (Cook) Russell

by Israel C. (Cook) Russell
Born in New York in 1852, he became one of the leading American geologists of his era. He studied at New York University and Columbia's School of Mines, worked with the U.S. Geological Survey, and later joined the University of Michigan as a professor of geology.
He is especially remembered for his studies of the Great Basin's vanished lakes, his research on glaciers and landforms, and his explorations in Alaska. His writing brought together careful observation and a lively sense of discovery, helping general readers as well as students understand how landscapes are shaped over long stretches of time.
Russell died in 1906, the same year he served as president of the Geological Society of America. His name remains attached to several geographic features, reflecting the lasting influence of his work in American geology and exploration.