author
An official British government body rather than a single writer, this department produced detailed railway reports during the great expansion of the rail network in the 19th century. Its publications are valuable snapshots of how railways were inspected, compared, and regulated in Victorian Britain.

by Great Britain. Board of Trade. Railway Department
Used as an author credit, Great Britain. Board of Trade. Railway Department refers to the Railway Department of the British Board of Trade, not to an individual person. The Board of Trade was a government body concerned with commerce and industry, and its railway branch handled official business related to the rapidly growing railway system.
This department is credited on 19th-century reports and returns about railway routes, inspections, accidents, and regulation. Works published under its name were administrative documents prepared for government oversight, which is why the "author" is institutional rather than personal.
For readers today, that makes these books especially interesting as historical records: they show how Victorian Britain examined railway safety, expansion, and public infrastructure in real time. Because this is a corporate author rather than a named writer, a personal portrait is not generally applicable.