
author
1807–1882
A sailor, revolutionary, and soldier, he became one of the great popular heroes of the 19th century. Best known for leading the Redshirts, he played a decisive part in the movement that unified Italy.

by Giuseppe Garibaldi

by Giuseppe Garibaldi

by Giuseppe Garibaldi

by Giuseppe Garibaldi

by Giuseppe Garibaldi

by Giuseppe Garibaldi

by Giuseppe Garibaldi
Born in Nice in 1807, Giuseppe Garibaldi first went to sea before being drawn into the republican ideas of Giuseppe Mazzini and the struggle for Italian independence. After a failed uprising, he spent years in exile in South America, where he fought in Brazil and Uruguay and built the reputation for daring that later made him famous.
Back in Europe, Garibaldi became a central figure in the Risorgimento, the long movement to unite Italy. He defended the Roman Republic in 1849 and, in 1860, led the celebrated Expedition of the Thousand, in which his volunteer Redshirts conquered Sicily and Naples. Although he was a committed republican, he handed these gains to King Victor Emmanuel II, helping make national unification possible.
Garibaldi remained an international symbol of liberty and national self-determination for the rest of his life. Admired far beyond Italy and often called the "Hero of Two Worlds" for his campaigns in both South America and Europe, he died on the island of Caprera in 1882.