
author
1878–1965
Best known for the satirical novel The Land of Afternoon, this early 20th-century writer published under the name Gilbert Knox while building a place in Canadian literary life. The name was a pen name of Madge Macbeth, a journalist and novelist whose work mixed sharp observation with a lively public voice.

by Gilbert Knox
Born in Philadelphia in 1878 and later active in Canada, Madge Macbeth became known as a writer, journalist, and public figure. Reliable library and reference sources connect the name Gilbert Knox with The Land of Afternoon: A Satire, while broader biographical sources identify Madge Macbeth as an American-born Canadian writer who also published under that pen name.
Her career reached beyond fiction. She wrote novels and journalism, took part in Canadian cultural life, and became one of the prominent authors associated with Graphic Publishers, an important Canadian press of the period. That wider career helps place Gilbert Knox not as an obscure separate figure, but as one of the names she used in print.
Macbeth died in 1965. Today, the Gilbert Knox name is remembered chiefly through The Land of Afternoon, a work that still stands out for its satirical take on society and politics.