
author
1882–1964
A pioneering historian of nationalism, he helped shape how modern scholars think about Europe, identity, and political loyalty. He also stepped beyond academia to serve as the U.S. ambassador to Spain during World War II.

by Carlton J. H. (Carlton Joseph Huntley) Hayes
Born in Afton, New York, in 1882, Carlton J. H. Hayes became one of the leading American historians of modern Europe. He studied and later taught at Columbia University, where he built a long academic career and became Seth Low Professor of History. His work is especially remembered for treating nationalism as a major force in modern history rather than a side theme.
Hayes wrote widely on European history, religion, and politics, and he is often described as an early specialist in the historical study of nationalism. Alongside his scholarly work, he also played a public role: during World War II, he served as United States ambassador to Spain, bringing a historian’s eye to a delicate diplomatic post.
He died in 1964, but his reputation has lasted because he helped open up a field that still matters today. For listeners interested in big historical ideas as well as the people who carried them into public life, his career offers both.