author
Apolinario Mabini
1864–1903
A leading mind of the Philippine Revolution, he helped shape the ideals and structure of the First Philippine Republic even while living with paralysis. Remembered as the "Brains of the Revolution," he left behind sharp political writing and a powerful example of courage under pressure.
2 Audiobooks
Contestaciones y Consideraciones Al Pueblo y Congreso Norte-Americanos
by Apolinario Mabini
Panukala sa Pagkakana nang Repúblika nang Pilipinas
by Apolinario Mabini
About the author
Born in Talaga, Tanauan, Batangas on July 23, 1864, Apolinario Mabini rose from modest beginnings through education, eventually studying law and becoming known for his clear, disciplined thinking. He later became one of the most influential political thinkers of the struggle for Philippine independence.
Mabini served as a key adviser to Emilio Aguinaldo during the revolutionary period and helped draft important decrees and constitutional ideas for the short-lived First Philippine Republic. Because of his intellect and political vision, he became widely known as the "Brains of the Revolution." He is also remembered by the nickname "Sublime Paralytic," a reference to the paralysis that marked much of his public life but did not stop his work.
After the Philippine-American War, Mabini was captured and eventually exiled to Guam before returning to the Philippines. He died in Manila on May 13, 1903, but his essays, state papers, and example of principled leadership continue to make him one of the most respected figures in Philippine history.