
author
1867–1951
A driving force behind the founding of Barnard College, she paired literary ambition with a fierce commitment to expanding higher education for women. Her life also reflected the tensions of her era, as a novelist, essayist, and public figure whose views did not always align with the broader women's movement.

by Annie Nathan Meyer
Born in New York City in 1867, she became one of the key people behind the creation of Barnard College, working to secure a serious liberal arts education for women connected to Columbia University. She remained closely tied to Barnard for decades and helped shape its early identity.
She was also a prolific writer who published novels, plays, essays, and memoirs. Her work often engaged with social questions, religion, and women's lives, and she drew on her own experiences in New York intellectual and Jewish cultural circles.
Her legacy is both important and complicated. She is widely remembered for helping found Barnard College, but sources also note her opposition to woman suffrage, a stance that sets her apart from many other prominent women reformers of her time.