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1826–1889
A lawyer, politician, and prolific public speaker, this 19th-century Canadian figure helped shape the country’s expansion westward. He is especially remembered for his role in Confederation-era politics and for serving as lieutenant governor of Manitoba.
Born in Perth, Upper Canada, in 1826, he was educated in Scotland and Canada before studying law. He built a successful legal and political career, and went on to serve in the federal cabinet of Sir John A. Macdonald.
He later became the second lieutenant governor of Manitoba, serving from 1872 to 1877. During those years he was also involved in negotiating several of the numbered treaties with First Nations, a role that makes him a significant and much-discussed figure in Canadian history.
He also wrote books and speeches about the future of British North America and the development of the West, showing how strongly he believed in the growth of the young country. He died in Toronto in 1889.